The Center for Excellence in Islamic Finance (CEIF) at IBA celebrated its 10-year journey in shaping the future of the Islamic financial landscape in Pakistan with a grand event titled “A Decade of Empowering Islamic Finance,” held at the IBA City Campus. Dr. Irum Saba, Director, IBA-CEIF, delivered the welcome address. She acknowledged the strong collaboration of Islamic financial institutions, which has enabled the center to achieve such a major milestone. Dr. Saba credited the center’s success to the support of various banking authorities, including the State Bank of Pakistan (SBP), and expressed her gratitude to the sponsors of the…
Author: PAGE
Diamonds have long symbolized wealth, prestige, and timeless beauty, but among the millions of stones mined throughout history, only a handful rise to the status of global treasures. These are the diamonds that shape royal histories, break auction records, and become icons of human fascination. Their astonishing prices reflect not only their size and color, but also their stories — tales of empires, conquests, science, and rarity so profound that their worth transcends the market itself. A Treasure Beyond Price: The Koh-i-Noor Often described as “priceless,” the Koh-i-Noor stands in a category of its own. Originating from the famed mines…
The global halal economy has evolved far beyond traditional food requirements to become one of the world’s fastest-growing economic ecosystems. Driven by rising Muslim populations, increasing consumer awareness, and growing demand for ethical, traceable, and high-quality products, the halal economy now spans food, finance, travel, pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, fashion, logistics, and digital services. Today, it represents a market worth over USD 3 trillion and continues to expand as both Muslim-majority and non-Muslim countries invest strategically in halal-compliant industries. From Religious Obligation to Global Market Standard Halal, which means “permissible” according to Islamic principles, has transformed into a global benchmark for quality,…
The Aga Khan University Hospital (AKUH) successfully organised a public awareness session titled ‘Live Well With Diabetes – Track. Treat. Thrive.’ to mark World Diabetes Day, addressing the fact that more than one in four adults in Pakistan is currently living with diabetes. The session offered invaluable expert guidance, interactive learning opportunities, and free-of-charge health assessments, empowering attendees to better understand, manage, and prevent diabetes and its complications. The event brought together healthcare professionals, students, and members of the public. The session centred on the crucial need for early detection and adherence to proper management plans. Dr. Qamar Masood, Consultant…
Marhaba exporting superior quality natural products to over 40 countries Marhaba set to explore new horizons under Hakeem Muhammad Usman leadership Marhaba Laboratories (Private) Limited established in 1975, introduced Pakistan’s purest range of natural products under the umbrella brand name ‘Marhaba’, and over the years it has continuously innovated to create world-class research laboratories. Marhaba has the largest and best-equipped production facilities for health and consumer products. Marhaba is one of the fastest-growing companies providing healthy food products, herbal medicines, and natural cosmetics. Due to market confidence and acceptance at mass levels, Marhaba has become Pakistan’s No.1 natural brand. Focusing…
The future is bright: GCC growth outlook Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) real GDP growth is projected to increase from 1.7 percent in 2024 to 3.2 percent in 2025 and 4.5 percent in 2026. Growth is driven by an easing of OPEC+ oil production cuts and robust expansion in non-oil sectors, including private consumption, investment, and economic diversification efforts. Government spending has been effective in stabilizing economies, particularly during downturns. The positive outlook is supported by a stable insurance sector and ongoing reforms to strengthen the private sector. Economic diversification efforts in GCC member states, such as Saudi Arabia and the…
Pakistan, Canada discuss climate cooperation Federal Minister for Climate Change and Environmental Coordination, Senator Dr Musadik Malik, met with the High Commissioner of Canada to Pakistan, Tarik Ali Khan, to discuss ongoing collaboration and future avenues of partnership between Pakistan and Canada. The Canadian high commissioner conveyed condolences over the recent tragic attack on Cadet College Wana, Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa (K-P). He expressed Canada’s hope for peace and stability in the region. He also thanked the minister for his support in facilitating the import of Canadian Canola Oil into Pakistan. According to an official statement issued on Thursday, discussions focused on strengthening…
Honor 500 Pro Leak Reveals Massive Battery and 200MP Camera: Honor is reportedly planning to unveil its 500 series smartphones by the end of this year, according to recent leaks. The company has yet to confirm any details, but a series of reports has already outlined what users might expect from the upcoming lineup.The latest leak, originating from China, highlights that the Honor 500 Pro will feature Qualcomm’s Snapdragon 8 Elite chipset. The device is also rumored to include a massive 8,000mAh battery, which could offer impressive battery life for power users. BankIslami Strengthens Its Digital Islamic Banking Platform ‘aik’: Committed to…
LUMS and HBL to develop commercial financing schemes for accelerating electric mobility LUMS and Habib Bank Limited (HBL) have signed an MoU to collaborate on developing commercial financing schemes for LUMS’ upcoming project, ‘Pakistan – Battery Swapping Network’. The initiative aims to accelerate the adoption of electric three-wheelers in Pakistan by introducing flexible and accessible financing options. Through this collaboration, both institutions seek to drive the transition toward cleaner, emission-free transport solutions and contribute to improving air quality across urban centres. Beyond reducing emissions, the project aligns with Pakistan’s climate change mitigation commitments under the Paris Climate Agreement and the…
Kibor rate is the average interest rate at which term deposits are offered between prime banks in the Pakistani wholesale money market or interbank market. KIBOR as a benchmark, to encourage transparency and improve management of the market risk undertaken by banks. Kibor Rates In Pakistan TENOR BID OFFER 1 – Week 10.87 11.37 2 – Week 10.87 11.37 1 – Month 10.89 11.39 3 – Month 10.90 11.15 6 – Month 10.93 11.18 9 – Month 10.95 11.45 1 – Year 10.97 11.47 Last Updated on 17th Nov 2025 Source: SBP
Gas & Oil Pakistan Limited, in partnership with Aramco, inaugurated its 50th retail station on Srinagar Highway, Islamabad. The event gathered senior management and industry leaders to celebrate this milestone, reflecting the company’s growing commitment to Pakistan’s retail fuel sector. Beyond expanding its network, the Aramco new station contributes to the creation of employment opportunities, local skill development, and economic activity in the surrounding community. Each new outlet supports operational staff, customer service teams, and supply chain partners, reinforcing the broader socio-economic impact of the investment. Since launching its first station in Lahore in 2024, the global oil giant has…
Artificial Intelligence (AI) has emerged as one of the most transformative forces of the 21st century, reshaping industries, economies, and societies at an unprecedented pace. What began as a concept of mimicking human intelligence through machines has now evolved into a sophisticated ecosystem of technologies driving automation, decision-making, and creativity across the globe. From Concept to Reality The roots of AI date back to the mid-20th century when scientists first began exploring the possibility of machines that could “think.” Over the decades, AI has progressed through several stages—rule-based systems, machine learning, and now deep learning—each pushing the boundaries of what…
A Global Revolution on Wheels The world is witnessing a major transformation in mobility. Electric Vehicles (EVs), once seen as experimental technology, have now become a mainstream reality. Countries around the globe are embracing cleaner, smarter, and more efficient transport systems. China, the United States, and Europe continue to dominate the EV landscape. China leads the way, accounting for more than half of global EV sales, while European nations like Norway and Germany are rapidly approaching full electrification. The United States, with support from federal incentives and tech pioneers like Tesla, is expanding its EV infrastructure and manufacturing base. Meanwhile,…
by Tristan Gaudiaut, Driven by geopolitical tensions, economic uncertainty and sustained central bank buying, the price of gold has reached record levels, gaining nearly 60 percent this year to pass the $,4,000-per-ounce mark this month (closing price average from October 1st to 27th). The level of demand for gold is now prompting questions about whether reserves of the commodity are being exhausted and if humanity has reached “peak gold”. Indeed, some analysts believe that global mining production has already reached or is close to its peak, having stagnated between 3,000 and 3,300 metric tons annually over the last decade. While new gold deposits are still being…
by Tristan Gaudiaut, Globally, the most widely used investment products include stocks, bonds, real estate, insurances with an investment element (e.g., life insurance) and precious metals (gold, silver, etc.). Cryptocurrencies have also been gaining traction in recent years, particularly among younger investors and in emerging economies. According to the most recent Statista Consumer Insights survey conducted in six countries across the globe, equity investments, such as stocks or mutual and exchange-traded funds, are still dominant. Indeed, they are the most popular form of investment in India (39 percent of respondents said they currently own/use it), China (36 percent), Germany (23 percent) and the United States (17…
by Katharina Buchholz As the following chart shows, Brazil is expected to retain its role as the world’s biggest exporter of beef in 2025, according to data from the U.S. Department of Agriculture. Forecasts as of April predict that the country will export 3.75 million tons of beef this year. The other major players in beef exports in 2025 are India, which exports water buffalo, the United States and Australia. Despite the second presidency of Donald Trump seeing many new tariffs coming into effect, the beef trade market did not see major disruptions over the course of the year so far. The United…
by Katharina Buchholz, The following chart shows data on suicide prevalence in countries around the world. Out of every 100,000 men in the United States, an average of 24 died from suicide in 2021, while for women the average was close to seven per 100,000. In several countries these figures were even higher, such as in South Korea, Lithuania and Hungary. While there are significant differences between countries, one pattern is clear to see: the rates of men taking their own lives are generally higher than those of women. Lithuania and South Korea had the highest rates of suicide among men in 2021…
by Valentine Fourreau, The fashion industry has a significant environmental impact due to its high consumption of water, land and raw material. According to European Parliament data, in 2022 the average textile consumption per person in the EU required 323 m² of land, 12 m³ of water and 523 kg of raw materials. In September, the European Parliament passed a law aimed at reducing textile waste in the EU. While this new directive applies to all textile producers, it specifically targets fast fashion companies like Shein or Temu, whose rapid turnover of collections and low prices come at the expense of quality and…
by Tristan Gaudiaut, With sales continuing to thrive in many countries, the global market for battery electric vehicles (BEVs) surpassed the 10 million annual sales mark for the first time in 2024, with sales up nearly 10 percent compared to 2023. More recently, in May 2025, China also reached a major milestone, with over one million electric cars sold in a single month, according to the International Council on Clean Transportation (ICCT). While China unsurprisingly dominates the global market in terms of sales volume, some European countries still lead the way in terms of adoption (looking at the share of BEVs…
by Anna Fleck, Prices have increased again for subscription services to streaming platforms in 2024 and 2025. Disney+ is the latest to raise its costs, increasing from $15.99 per month to $18.99 per month as of October 21, 2025. This places it on the upper end of monthly pricing, alongside Hulu, which raised its monthly prices from $17.99 to $18.99 in October 2024. Both Disney+ and Hulu saw their churn rates double in September, from four to eight percent and five to ten percent, respectively. While the announcements of increased prices set for October could have contributed to higher rates of subscription cancellations…
Mian Zahid Hussain, President Pakistan Businessmen and Intellectuals Forum & All Karachi Industrial Alliance, Chairman National Business Group Pakistan, Chairman Policy Advisory Board FPCCI, and Former Provincial Minister Information Technology, today applauded the successful resumption of Pakistan International Airlines direct flights to Western markets, calling it a strategic milestone for national trade and a critical prelude to the airline’s privatization. Mr. Hussain emphasized that the restoration of PIA flights to France in January 2025 and now to the UK—culminating in the inaugural Islamabad-Manchester flight on October 25, 2025—validates the rigorous compliance efforts undertaken by the government. This success follows the…
Mian Zahid Hussain, President Pakistan Businessmen and Intellectuals Forum & All Karachi Industrial Alliance, Chairman National Business Group Pakistan, Chairman Policy Advisory Board FPCCI, and Former Provincial Minister Information Technology, today commended the recent interview of Federal Minister for Finance and Revenue, Mr. Muhammad Aurangzeb Khan. He appreciated the Finance Minister’s clear economic roadmap, highlighting the importance of private sector growth and ongoing structural reforms, which align with the goals of the Pakistani business community. “The Finance Minister’s assertion that the private sector is the engine of the economy, with the government’s role being to provide a supportive ecosystem, is…
Key stakeholders and government officials in Karachi receive special tour of retrofitted aircraft with Premium Economy cabins Forty years ago, Emirates, the world’s largest international airline, launched its first flight, EK600, on the route to Karachi. To commemorate the milestone Emirates today showcased its retrofitted B777, featuring Premium Economy cabins, at Jinnah International Airport. The special preview, held on the eve of the airline’s 40th anniversary, provided VIPs and stakeholders from the aviation and travel industry, and members of the media a walkthrough tour of Emirates’ reconfigured and refreshed four-class aircraft, sporting its latest features. The special flight featuring Premium…
HBL Zarai Services Limited has officially launched its services in Sindh, marking a major step in its mission to empower farmers across Pakistan. The launch ceremony was held in Dad Leghari, Mirpur Mathelo, and was attended by a large gathering of nearly 500 members of the farming community. The event was graced by Amer Aziz, CEO – HBL Zarai Services Limited, and Engineer Sardar Abdul Bari Khan Pitafi, a renowned community leader, a respected figure & leading integrated agri-livestock specialist in the region, along with other local notables and farmer representatives from surrounding areas. During the ceremony, Amer Aziz highlighted…
Set across Asia and Europe along the Bosphorus Strait, İstanbul continues to charm travellers with its historic landmarks, vibrant culture, and dynamic culinary scene. The city welcomed 13.5 million visitors in the first nine months of 2025 and was recently ranked among Europe’s top five city breaks by consumer champion Which?, while Condé Nast Traveller readers also named it one of the best family-friendly destinations. As autumn arrives, İstanbul’s timeless appeal makes it an ideal getaway for those seeking both cultural discovery and modern comfort. With its rich heritage shaped by empires over millennia, İstanbul seamlessly blends history with contemporary…
In a significant stride toward modernizing Pakistan’s agriculture, Syngenta Pakistan brought together the Government of Punjab delegation and the Syngenta Group China leadership during an official visit to Beijing. The meeting, led by Mr. Fu Su (President, Syngenta Group China) and Mr. Syed Ashiq Hussain Kirmani (Minister of Agriculture, Punjab), explored new avenues to strengthen agri-tech cooperation, climate-resilient farming, and export potential. Discussions centered on strengthening collaboration in areas such as food security, climate-resilient farming, and the adoption of advanced agri-tech innovations. The dialogue also emphasized the importance of joint efforts to enhance crop productivity, promote sustainable practices, and address…
Global Leaders Chart the Future of Risk Sharing and Sustainable Finance The 7th Global Takaful and Re-Takaful Forum 2025, organized by AlHuda CIBE FZ LLE – UAE, concluded successfully at the Dusit Thani Hotel, Dubai, bringing together leading voices from more than 20 countries to explore the evolution, opportunities, and future roadmap of the global Takaful and Re-Takaful industry. The event opened with the recitation from the Holy Quran by Maaz Chaudhry Shah Kotia, followed by a warm welcome from Mr. Muhammad Zubair, CEO of AlHuda CIBE – UAE. In his address, Mr. Zubair highlighted that “Takaful is more than…
Pakistan Cables Limited has been honored with the Diamond Award at the 3rd Employers’ Federation of Pakistan Skills Development Employers’ Recognition Awards 2025, in recognition of the company’s leadership in On-the-Job Training and Industry–Academia Linkages. The award was presented by Mr. Sanjeewa Pattiwila, Consul General of Sri Lanka, and received on behalf of Pakistan Cables by Mr. Imran Ghani Mirza, General Manager Industrial Relations. This honor specifically recognizes Pakistan Cables’ structured approach towards employability through three flagship initiatives: ASCEND—the Company’s women-in-STEM program that provides internships and industry exposure for female engineering students; the Management Trainee (MTO) Program—a pipeline that develops…
Indus Motor Company (IMC), as part of its unwavering commitment to community welfare and sustainable development, has launched extensive flood relief operations in Swat and Buner—two of the most severely affected districts in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KPK)—in response to the devastating monsoon floods that have claimed over 500 lives and displaced more than half a million people across the province. In collaboration with local authorities and humanitarian partners, IMC’s relief teams swiftly mobilized to deliver critical aid to affected families. The company’s flood relief package included tents, tarpaulins, blankets, ration hampers, drinking water, cooked food, mosquito nets, and free medical camps…
ChildLife Foundation’s Telemedicine services have been awarded as the Most Impactful Telemedicine Project in the Digital Health & Innovation category at the 1st National Health Awards, presented during the 22nd Health Asia International Exhibition & Conferences. The award recognizes ChildLife’s telemedicine network for significantly expanding access to pediatric emergency care in underserved areas of Pakistan. Federal Minister for National Health Services, Regulation & Coordination, Mr. Syed Mustafa Kamal, was the Chief Guest of the event. The ceremony was organized in collaboration with Federal Ministry of National Health Services and supported by the Special Investment Facilitation Council (SIFC). ChildLife Foundation’s Telemedicine…
His Royal Highness Prince Mohammed bin Salman bin Abdulaziz Al Saud, Crown Prince, Prime Minister and Chairman of the Board of Directors of RUA AlHaram AlMakki Company, announces the launch of King Salman Gate, a transformative multi-use development in the Holy City of Makkah. Spanning up to 12 million sqm Gross Floor Area adjacent to AlMasjid AlHaram, the project marks a major milestone in the development of Makkah and its central area, establishing it as a global benchmark in modern city planning. King Salman Gate’s urban development and infrastructure transformation will contribute to enhancing access to AlMasjid AlHaram, elevating service…
Unified GCC Visa to alter how UAE residents travel and insure trips Travel across the Gulf is about to get much simpler — and it’s not just good news for tourists. The upcoming Unified GCC Visa, which will let residents and visitors move freely across Gulf countries, is set to change how UAE residents travel and insure their trips. For the region’s travel insurance sector, this could be transformative. With borders becoming more fluid, travellers’ expectations are shifting — and insurers are already preparing for new patterns in demand. Industry experts have widely deemed how the Unified GCC Visa would…
Daira Marks First Anniversary with Renewed Commitment to Financial Inclusion in Pakistan: Mobile-first digital nano-lending platform, Daira marked its first anniversary of operations in Pakistan with a renewed commitment to advancing financial inclusion and access to finance for the country’s unbanked and underbanked populations. Daira was launched by Pakistan fintech company Finleap, a part of global financial technology leader FinVolution Group (NYSE: FINV) that connects millions of consumers and micro- and small-sized enterprises with over 130 financial institutions worldwide. The platform benefits from global best practices and financial models to enable Pakistan’s financially excluded segments. South Korea Turns Trading Into…
PTCL and Mercantile join forces to drive Pakistan’s Digital Transformation Pakistan’s largest telecommunications and integrated ICT services provider, PTCL Group (PTCL & Ufone 4G), has signed a strategic partnership with Apple’s authorised distributor and service provider in Pakistan, Mercantile, to offer Apple’s complete product range to its enterprise customers nationwide. The partnership was signed by Asif Ahmad, Group Chief Business Solutions Officer, PTCL & Ufone 4G, and Nauman Durrani, CEO Pakistan, SVP Sage – Mercantile on the sidelines of GITEX Global 2025 in Dubai. President & Group CEO Hatem Bamatraf was also present at the signing, along with senior management…
Kibor rate is the average interest rate at which term deposits are offered between prime banks in the Pakistani wholesale money market or interbank market. KIBOR as a benchmark, to encourage transparency and improve management of the market risk undertaken by banks. Kibor Rates In Pakistan TENOR BID OFFER 1 – Week 10.88 11.38 2 – Week 10.87 11.37 1 – Month 10.89 11.39 3 – Month 10.90 11.15 6 – Month 10.93 11.18 9 – Month 10.90 11.40 1 – Year 10.90 11.40 Last Updated on 20th Oct 2025 Source: SBP
In recent years, Pakistan has witnessed a remarkable transformation in its entrepreneurial landscape. Once dominated by traditional family-owned businesses, the country is now home to a vibrant startup ecosystem driven by young innovators, digital disruptors, and bold investors. From fintech and e-commerce to health tech and agritech, Pakistani startups are redefining the nation’s economic potential and making their mark on the global stage. A Digital Revolution in Motion The rapid rise of digital connectivity has been the backbone of Pakistan’s startup boom. With over 190 million mobile subscribers and nearly 130 million internet users, Pakistan is among the fastest-growing digital…
The Pakistan Stock Exchange (PSX) continues to serve as a vital barometer of the country’s economic health, reflecting both the challenges and resilience of Pakistan’s financial landscape. Despite macroeconomic headwinds, the PSX has demonstrated remarkable recovery and investor confidence, driven by improving economic indicators, policy stability, and renewed foreign interest. Market Overview and Recent Performance In recent months, the PSX has maintained an upward trajectory, with the benchmark KSE-100 index touching record levels amid improved sentiment in the business and investment community. The rally has been largely fueled by positive developments on the economic front, including a stable Pakistani rupee,…
In today’s interconnected world, a passport is more than just a travel document—it’s a symbol of global mobility, opportunity, and influence. The power of a passport is measured by the number of countries its holders can enter without needing a prior visa. Each year, global rankings reveal which nations offer their citizens the greatest freedom to travel. Defining Passport Power The *Henley Passport Index* and *Arton Capital Passport Index* are the two most recognized global rankings that evaluate passports based on visa-free and visa-on-arrival access. A higher score reflects greater diplomatic strength, international trust, and global partnerships. Top-Ranked Passports in…
Climate change has emerged as one of the most pressing challenges of the 21st century. It is reshaping ecosystems, economies, and human lives across the globe. Rising temperatures, extreme weather events, and melting ice caps are not distant possibilities anymore — they are happening now. For developing nations like Pakistan, the effects are especially severe, turning a global environmental crisis into a national emergency. A Warming World: The Global Climate Shift Over the past century, Earth’s average surface temperature has increased by approximately 1.2°C, primarily due to human-induced greenhouse gas emissions. Industrialization, deforestation, and excessive use of fossil fuels have…
Bitcoin, the world’s first decentralized cryptocurrency, has evolved from a niche technological experiment into a trillion-dollar asset reshaping global finance. Born in 2009 under the pseudonym Satoshi Nakamoto, Bitcoin introduced a revolutionary idea — a peer-to-peer electronic cash system that eliminates the need for banks or central authorities. Over the years, it has transcended its role as a currency to become a store of value, an investment asset, and even a hedge against inflation. The Evolution of Bitcoin Bitcoin’s journey has been nothing short of remarkable. Initially traded for less than a cent, it captured global attention when its price…
Maqbool Ahmed’s life was marked by hardship from an early age. Orphaned at just 12, he carried the responsibility of raising his siblings apart from his own struggles. Amidst the loss of his parents and sunk in poverty, another tragedy unfolded: severe eye allergies that led to blurred vision and eventually corneal opacity in both eyes. As his sight deteriorated, so did the compassion of those around him. In Pakistan, where visual impairment often leads to social exclusion, Maqbool was labelled as “Aandha” by neighbors, friends and even his relatives. At work he was ridiculed, and made to feel like…
Economy: GCC thrives on the dual engine The Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) entered 2025 with a clearer dynamic known as the “non-oil economy driving growth alongside hydrocarbon production dual engine”: non-oil growth ensuring the majority of progress, while hydrocarbons remained limited by previously decided OPEC+ quotas. This pattern is particularly visible in the United Arab Emirates where, in the first quarter, the overall GDP grew by 3.9 percent year-on-year, with a 5.3 percent increase in the non-oil sector, which now represents 77 percent of the economy. Saudi Arabia and Qatar also showed strong non-oil momentum. In the second half, the…
Pak-Saudi trade corridor recently proposed With Pakistan and Saudi Arabia recently sealing a historic defence pact, policymakers and business leaders are increasingly calling for the two nations to expand cooperation into structured economic frameworks that could reshape regional connectivity. They believe that a Pak-Saudi Economic Corridor (PSEC), modelled on the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor, could be the natural next step to convert the momentum of the new security alliance into long-term economic dividends. Pakistan: Central Government Debt (In Billion Rupees) (P) Debt Instruments As on end Period Jul-24 Jun-25 Jul-25 A. Central Government Domestic Debt (a+b+c) 47,716 54,471 54,988 a. Long…
Yango Group Showcases Its SuperApp at Pakistan Largest Tech Conference ITCN Asia 2025: Yango Group, global tech company, marked a major milestone at ITCN Asia 2025, Pakistan’s largest technology conference, by unveiling its SuperApp and offering visitors a live demonstration of its evolving digital ecosystem. Having set up a physical booth at the VIP lounge, Yango’s SuperApp brought together Ride, Delivery, Shops, Tech, Ads and a suite of B2B activities under one umbrella, redefining how people interact with mobility in the digital ecosystem of Pakistan. The exhibition at ITCN Asia allowed visitors to experience firsthand the convenience, speed, and breadth…
Mobilink Bank, TPL Life collaborate to provide critical healthcare at flood affected areas Pakistan’s leading digital microfinance bank, Mobilink Bank, has collaborated with TPL Life, a digital insurance provider, to extend much-needed healthcare support to flood-affected communities across Punjab. The partnering institutions set up medical camps across Pakpattan, Sialkot, and Minchinabad (Bahawalnagar) to deliver essential healthcare to people who had lost access to medical facilities – either destroyed or rendered inaccessible by the recent floods. The initiative reflects the institutions’ shared commitment to corporate social responsibility and timely humanitarian intervention. The day long camps offered comprehensive medical services completely free…
Kibor rate is the average interest rate at which term deposits are offered between prime banks in the Pakistani wholesale money market or interbank market. KIBOR as a benchmark, to encourage transparency and improve management of the market risk undertaken by banks. Kibor Rates In Pakistan TENOR BID OFFER 1 – Week 10.91 11.41 2 – Week 10.91 11.41 1 – Month 10.89 11.39 3 – Month 10.91 11.16 6 – Month 10.92 11.17 9 – Month 10.85 11.35 1 – Year 10.85 11.35 Last Updated on 06th Oct 2025 Source: SBP
Bridges are more than just pathways; they are symbols of human innovation, determination, and architectural brilliance. From spanning vast rivers and valleys to connecting distant lands, the highest and longest bridges in the world stand as testaments to engineering excellence. These structures not only solve logistical challenges but also showcase the artistic and scientific progress of modern civilization. The Highest Bridges in the World High bridges are typically built in mountainous or deep valley regions, where engineers must overcome steep landscapes. The height of a bridge is measured from its deck (the road surface) to the ground or water beneath.…
Skyscrapers have become more than just tall buildings — they are symbols of progress, economic strength, and architectural innovation. From New York’s early high-rises to today’s futuristic towers in Asia and the Middle East, these vertical marvels continue to reshape skylines and redefine urban living. The Rise of Skyscrapers The concept of skyscrapers emerged in the late 19th century with the advancement of steel-frame construction and elevators. Chicago is often credited as the birthplace of the skyscraper, with the Home Insurance Building (1885) being the world’s first tall steel-frame structure. Soon after, New York City took the lead, with iconic…
by Anna Fleck, The OECD has raised its global growth forecast for 2025, now predicting GDP to expand by 3.2 percent, up by 0.3 percentage points from its June estimate. According to the OECD Economic Outlook interim report released on Tuesday, the economy “proved more resilient than anticipated” in the first half of 2025. Key drivers of this stronger-than-anticipated performance include front-loading of goods production and trade ahead of the introduction of higher U.S. tariff rates, strong investment in high-tech sectors and increased government spending in China. However, global GDP growth is still expected to moderate to 2.9 percent in 2026, as the full impact of higher…
by Anna Fleck, According to estimates by Statista Market Insights, the global travel and tourism industry surpassed pre-coronavirus levels in 2023 and will continue to grow until 2025. Hotels will remain the biggest segment and are forecast to see a revenue of approximately $455 billion worldwide this year. Where cruises slowed to a near standstill during the COVID-19 pandemic, with a low of $3.1 billion in revenue in 2021, the segment is expected to surpass $45 billion in 2025. Meanwhile, the package holiday market is also growing rapidly, with an expected revenue of €330 billion in 2025. As the following chart shows, the travel and…
by Felix Richter, Over the past two decades, domestic robots like robot vacuums and lawn-mowing robots have evolved from gimmicks for tech lovers to actual mass-market products. Today, these automated little helpers are capable of performing household chores as good as, if not better than humans, freeing up valuable time for their owners to focus on more important things such as (paid) work, family or leisure activities. With advancements in technology, domestic robots have not only become smarter and more efficient, but also become a lot more affordable, with decent vacuum robots now available for just a couple hundred dollars. As…
by Katharina Buchholz, The World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) has released its 2025 Global Innovation Index. It evaluated innovation levels across 132 economies focusing on a long list of criteria such as human capital, institutions, technology and creative output as well as market and business sophistication, among others. Switzerland topped the rankings once more this year with a score of 66 out of 100, the 15th time it has been named the world leader in innovation. The United States comes third while Sweden is in second rank. China is now the world’s 10th most innovative nation, up from rank 11 in 2024, 14 in 2020…
by Anna Fleck, Data from UNESCO shows the number of Chinese students studying in the United States has dropped in recent years, with some students pivoting towards countries in Southeast Asia. At the same time, the number of Chinese students going to study in Russia has also grown. To an extent this data mirrors larger geopolitical shifts, such as cooling relations between Beijing and Washington, as well as warming ones between Russia and China. In terms of the latter, the trend of increasing international student mobility has continued into the academic year 2024/25, with 56,000 Chinese students enrolled at Russian universities and over 21,000…
by Katharina Buchholz, Numbers calculated by financial advisory Lazard as of June 2025 estimate price ranges for the generation of one MWh of energy by different sources. While the data shows that it is always cheapest to produce electricity from fully depreciated facilities, renewable energy can nevertheless compete in today’s market when it comes to prices even when disregarding federal subsidies. Gas, nuclear and coal energy generation cost between $30 and $75 per MWh from fully depreciated plants, but including the price of building facilities, this was more in the range of around $50 to $110 for combined-cycle gas, $70 to $170 for coal and $140…
by Anna Fleck, Teachers’ salaries vary significantly around the world. New data published in the OECD Education at a Glance report shows that salaries in Germany, Luxembourg and the Netherlands are at the higher end of the spectrum, with primary school teachers in public institutions earning on average over $90,000 per year. Poland is among the countries found towards the other end of the spectrum, with teachers earning around $55,407 per year. These calculations are based on the average actual salaries of 25 to 64 year old teachers in public schools and were converted to U.S. dollars using purchasing power parities for private…
Gold has always been more than just a glittering metal. For centuries, it has represented wealth, power, and security across civilizations. From being used as currency in ancient trade routes to serving as the backbone of modern financial reserves, gold continues to shine as one of the most influential and valuable commodities in the world. Historical Significance of Gold The history of gold is as old as human civilization itself. Ancient Egyptians revered it as the “metal of the gods,” while empires such as the Romans and Persians used it for coinage, jewelry, and trade. In South Asia, gold has…
Reko Diq, located in the Chagai district of Balochistan, is one of the world’s largest undeveloped reserves of copper and gold. Often described as a “treasure beneath the desert,” this mineral-rich deposit has the potential to reshape Pakistan’s economic future and strengthen its position in the global mining industry. Strategic Importance of Reko Diq Reko Diq lies in Pakistan’s resource-rich Balochistan province, bordering Afghanistan and Iran. The site covers an area of nearly 13,000 square kilometers and is believed to contain over 12 million tons of copper and 20 million ounces of gold. Such vast reserves make Reko Diq a…
Federal Minister for Petroleum, Mr. Ali Pervaiz Malik, hosted a dinner in Islamabad in the honor of Board of Directors of Pak-Arab Refinery Limited (PARCO). The gathering reflected the government’s commitment to fostering collaboration with the energy sector and advancing Pakistan’s refining and petroleum industry. The event, held to welcome the foreign board members from Mubadla Energy, was attended by a gathering of high-profile dignitaries, including Federal Ministers, Members of Parliament, senior officials from the Petroleum Division, and other distinguished guests from the energy sector. Federal Minister Ali Pervaiz reiterated the government’s resolve to address challenges facing the petroleum sector,…
Google today announced the rollout of its Google AI Plus plan in Pakistan, its newest plan designed to empower people to do more with Google AI. This new plan opens up more access to powerful AI tools to help people level up their productivity and creativity – all at an accessible price. With the Google AI Plus plan, users in Pakistan can enjoy: Higher limits for image generation and editing (Nano Banana) in the Gemini app More access to Gemini 2.5 Pro, Google’s most capable AI model for complex queries Access to Veo 3 Fast, Google’s video generation model, in…
Wafi Energy, a Shell licensee in Pakistan, inaugurated the country’s second retail station constructed using recycled plastic, marking another milestone in its commitment to drive sustainable solutions in the country’s energy and retail sector. The new retail site, situated in Police Lines Rawalpindi, has been built using 7,700 kilograms of plastic waste, equivalent to more than 5.8 million pieces of end-of-life plastics, infused into construction materials. The first such retail station was launched in Karachi in collaboration with Wafi Tameer alumni startup, Concept Loop, using 6,500 kilograms of plastic waste, around 1.3 million pieces, to create durable pavers and concrete…
KPMG: trade strategies, regional coordination key to GCC’s economic resilience Gulf Cooperation Council nations should adopt trade policies aligned with their industrial development goals to reduce external vulnerabilities and strengthen their influence in global commerce, according to a new analysis. In its latest report, professional services firm KPMG said identifying supply chain risks, diversifying sources of critical inputs, and supporting outbound investment in upstream production are essential for regional economies to navigate an increasingly complex and fragmented global landscape. The report noted that GCC member states need to act with unity, integration, and ambition over the next few years by…
Reko Diq project cost increased to $7.7bn Pakistan on Thursday revised upward the cost of the first phase of the Reko Diq copper and gold mines project for the second time in six months. The cost has now jumped 79 percent to $7.7 billion from the initial estimate due to higher cost of loans being taken for the project and to offset any future price shocks. The Economic Coordination Committee (ECC) of the Cabinet approved the second revision in the total cost of the first phase of the project. Finance Minister Muhammad Aurangzeb chaired the meeting. The ECC also cleared…
Australia to Ban Under-16 Social Media Accounts by December: The Australian government has issued detailed guidance for technology companies ahead of a new law set to ban social media accounts for users under the age of 16. The law will take effect on December 10, and platforms must take steps to comply with the new age restrictions or face penalties.The eSafety Commission released documentation, including a self-assessment tool, to help companies determine whether their services fall under the scope of the law. Platforms used primarily for education, health, professional networking, or online gaming may be exempt. The Grit, The Throw,…
Codebase Technologies wins best Islamic Finance solutions provider at GIFA 2025 Codebase Technologies, a global leader in digital banking and fintech innovation, has been awarded Best Islamic Finance Solutions Provider 2025 at the 15th Global Islamic Finance Awards (GIFA). The recognition marks another major milestone in Codebase Technologies’ journey of exponential growth, underscoring its role as one of the fastest-rising fintech enablers in Islamic finance and digital banking. Earlier this year, Codebase Technologies achieved a landmark milestone by launching one of the APAC’s first Islamic SaaS lending propositions. Delivered for a leading Malaysian financial institution, the project reflects the company’s ability to…
Kibor rate is the average interest rate at which term deposits are offered between prime banks in the Pakistani wholesale money market or interbank market. KIBOR as a benchmark, to encourage transparency and improve management of the market risk undertaken by banks. Kibor Rates In Pakistan TENOR BID OFFER 1 – Week 10.82 11.32 2 – Week 10.81 11.31 1 – Month 10.79 11.29 3 – Month 10.81 11.06 6 – Month 10.81 11.06 9 – Month 10.78 11.28 1 – Year 10.79 11.29 Last Updated on 22nd Sep 2025 Source: SBP
Dawlance, Pakistan’s leading home appliances brand and a subsidiary of Arcelik, welcomed the Australian High Commissioner to its female-led service center in Multan today. The service centre holds a historic significance as Pakistan’s first female-led franchise, successfully run by two inspiring entrepreneurs, Ms. Rimsha Yaqoob and Ms. Aliza Rukhsana. The initiative reflects Dawlance’s strong commitment to women empowerment and breaking barriers in technical and traditionally male-dominated fields. By placing women at the forefront of its service operations, Dawlance is setting a precedent for greater female participation in entrepreneurship and technical services across Pakistan. The franchise model not only empowers women…
Mian Zahid Hussain, President Pakistan Businessmen and Intellectuals Forum & All Karachi Industrial Alliance, Chairman National Business Group Pakistan, Chairman Policy Advisory Board FPCCI, and Former Provincial Minister Information Technology, called for a national consensus on economic policy in the wake of dual challenges facing Pakistan: the devastating 2025 monsoon floods and the imperative of maintaining fiscal discipline under the International Monetary Fund (IMF) program. “The catastrophic floods have inflicted an estimated $1.4 billion in direct damage, with the agricultural sector bearing the brunt of a devastating supply-side shock,” stated Hussain. “This disaster is not merely a humanitarian crisis; it…
The 3P Plas Print Pack Pakistan Exhibition 2025, the pioneer and biggest exhibition for the plastic, printing, and packaging industries, came to a successful close today at the Karachi Expo Centre. Organised by Fakt Exhibitions (Pvt.) Ltd., this year’s edition welcomed over 550 companies from more than 30 countries, who showcased modern machinery, sustainable packaging, and advanced printing technologies. The three-day event drew thousands of visitors, industry leaders, and entrepreneurs, resulting in new business leads, partnerships, and investment opportunities. The expo attracted strong interest from local manufacturers and exporters, with many companies signing MoU during the event. International delegations also…
Pakistan Cables, the premiere wires and cables manufacturer, today announced the successful completion of a significant 300 kW expansion of its existing on-grid solar power plant at its new factory located in Nooriabad, Sindh. This expansion brings the company’s total solar power capacity to an estimated 2.3MW. This strategic move reinforces Pakistan Cables’ unwavering commitment to renewable energy sources, particularly solar, aligning seamlessly with broader national efforts to mitigate energy shortages and reduce reliance on fossil fuels across its operations. The expanded solar capacity is estimated to reduce carbon emissions by 1,956 tons annually, equivalent to planting approximately 100,000…
As part of its ongoing support for NDMA’s flood-relief efforts, Wafi Energy Pakistan Limited provided 5,000 liters of diesel and motor gasoline to NDMA. This contribution follows an earlier 1,000-liter fuel donation provided to NDMA by Wafi Energy last month. His Excellency, Nawaf Bin Saeed Almalkiy, Ambassador, Embassy of Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, present at the occasion, stated that “It is heartening to see Wafi Energy, which reflects Saudi investment in Pakistan, being dedicated to serving the local communities in their hour of need.” Zubair Shaikh, CEO Wafi Energy said, “Wafi Energy remains committed to helping flood-affected communities and assist…
Mian Zahid Hussain, President Pakistan Businessmen and Intellectuals Forum & All Karachi Industrial Alliance, Chairman National Business Group Pakistan, Chairman Policy Advisory Board FPCCI, and Former Provincial Minister Information Technology, has indicated that the current economic situation, underscores both the urgent hurdles stemming from the disaster and the impressive indicators of economic resilience. Pakistan is grappling with the intense economic repercussions of the recent floods while simultaneously observing positive signs of stability and growing investor confidence, noted Mian Zahid Hussain. The preliminary economic loss, estimated at $1.4 billion, or 0.33% of our GDP, starkly illustrates our susceptibility to the effects…
In 2025, the most competitive cities in the GCC As Gulf economies continue to diversify and attract global investment, understanding the true competitive advantage of their cities has never been more critical. Our latest Global Cities Index 2025 analysis of 1,000 cities around the world allows us to put major GCC cities in the context of global peers, revealing the dynamics behind their economic vitality, human capital, quality of life, and long-term sustainability. Using over 25 performance indicators, from GDP growth to life expectancy and corporate presence, we uncover what makes cities like Dubai, Riyadh, and Abu Dhabi stand out,…
Statement sought on subsidy for QR-based payments The government has sought a report from the State Bank of Pakistan (SBP) on the impact of subsidy allocated for the adoption of QR-based payments. During recent discussions held by the Economic Coordination Committee (ECC), the SBP apprised the forum that in a meeting of the Steering Committee on Cashless Economy, it was decided that Rs3.5 billion would be provided in annual subsidy to promote the large-scale adoption of Raast person-to-merchant (P2M) QR (quick response)-based payments. The Finance Division suggested that the central bank should prepare a comprehensive report including the impact of…
Yango Pakistan Colleagues Hit the Road as Part of Company’s ‘Go to the Fields’ Initiative: Yango Pakistan, part of the global technology company Yango Group, is setting a new standard for how businesses connect with their communities and improve services in the country. For the first time in Pakistan, Yango introduced its global “Go to the Fields” initiative, placing executives on the frontlines of urban mobility to better understand the experiences of partner drivers and passengers. The program began in Karachi and Islamabad, where senior leadership spent a full day riding with partners and observing operations firsthand. “Go to the…
BOP Launches Industry’s First Digital Business Loan Solution: “BOP SME Digital Finance” The Bank of Punjab (BOP), proudly announced the official launch of its state-of-the-art SME lending product, “BOP SME Digital Finance,” at a prominent event held in Karachi. The launch marks a significant milestone in Pakistan’s financial sector, reinforcing the bank’s commitment to nurture inclusive and digitalized financial solutions for small and medium enterprises (SMEs). The event was graced by Mr. Saleem Ullah, Deputy Governor of SBP, and Mr. Zafar Masud, President & CEO of BOP. Their presence underlines the significance of this pioneering initiative in transforming SME lending…
Kibor rate is the average interest rate at which term deposits are offered between prime banks in the Pakistani wholesale money market or interbank market. KIBOR as a benchmark, to encourage transparency and improve management of the market risk undertaken by banks. Kibor Rates In Pakistan TENOR BID OFFER 1 – Week 10.79 11.29 2 – Week 10.77 11.27 1 – Month 10.74 11.24 3 – Month 10.78 11.03 6 – Month 10.79 11.04 9 – Month 10.75 11.25 1 – Year 10.76 11.26 Last Updated on 8th Sep 2025 Source: SBP
by Felix Richter, Over the past two decades, online shopping has evolved from novelty to norm, with many Americans routinely ordering stuff online that they used to purchase in brick-and-mortar stores. These days, nearly everything can be bought online, with clothing, shoes and groceries the most popular categories,according to Statista Consumer Insights. Statista found that 93 percent of U.S. adults purchased something online in the past 12 months, with two online retailers their clear go-to Shopping destinations. Nearly three out of four U.S. consumers (73 percent) report making a purchase on Amazon in the past year, while more than half (51 percent)…
by Felix Richter, While inflation has long come down from its 2021/2022 highs, when it peaked at 9 percent, it is still slightly elevated at 2.7 percent. More importantly though, people are still struggling to cope with the lasting effects of the inflation crisis. According to a Statista Consumer Insights survey conducted in June and July 2025, 49 percent of U.S. adults said that the high cost of living was one of the biggest challenges they currently face – making it by far the most common answer. It is a common misconception that prices come down when inflation cools, when in reality a period of high…
by Anna Fleck, Natural disasters have led to $6.9 trillion in economic losses since 1980, according to estimates by the insurance company Munich Re Group. Only around a third of these losses are thought to have been insured, meaning that many of those affected will have had to pay for the damages themselves. Earthquakes and hurricanes tend to cause the most extreme damage in terms of economic costs. This is exemplified by the peak years seen on this chart, with Hurricane Katrina in 2005, the earthquake and tsunami that hit Japan in 2011 and the three major hurricanes that hit the U.S., Harvey, Maria…
by Katharina Buchholz, A recent Statista Consumer Insights survey shows that worry about crime is on the minds of many residents of Latin American countries as well as those in South Africa, Sweden and Italy. While South Africa and parts of Latin America are known for their high levels of violent crime, Sweden recently experienced a rise in this sector due to gang and organized crime issues which have rocked the previously tranquil nation. While Italy’s crime rate was rated as moderate by the State Department, its history (and ongoing reality) of organized crime might have swayed some opinions. Respondents from some of the…
by Katharina Buchholz, Within the last two weeks, analytics firm LSEG downgraded mean forward 12-month company earnings for several Asian countries in light of the Trump administration’s global tariffs coming back into effect. India, which together with Brazil is currently facing the highest U.S. import duties of 50 percent, was hit hardest. Earnings for Indian large and mid-sized companies are now expected to be 1.2 percent smaller than forecast two weeks ago – around the time the first round of so-called reciprocal tariffs went back into effect. Downgraded forecasts also affected Taiwan, Malaysia, Singapore and Thailand. While the tariff on goods from Singapore stands at 10 percent,…
by Anna Fleck, While Southeast Asia remains home to the largest areas of mangrove forests in the world at 49,500km2, or around one third of global mangrove cover, it has also seen the greatest destruction of these ecosystems. Between 2000 and 2020, Asia lost 4,208 km2 of the treecover, which equates to just over 60 percent of global losses in that timeframe. After Southeast Asia, the next biggest mangrove regions are in West and Central Africa, followed by the two regions of the Americas. Data from the State of the World’s Mangroves 2024 report shows that drivers of mangrove destruction vary considerably by…
by Anna Fleck, The United States the world’s biggest video games market in terms of revenue, expected to surpass $140 billion in 2025, according to projections by Statista Market Insights. This figure includes the creation, publishing, distribution and monetization of PC, mobile and online games as well as spending on related hardware and accessories. As the following chart shows, China follows close on the United States’ heels with a projected $137.8 billion in revenue in 2025. Both nations are expected to see significant growth over the next five years, with estimated industry turnovers of close to $200 billion per country. Rounding off…
A Nation Under Siege by Monsoon’s Wrath Since late June, sweeping monsoon rains have triggered catastrophic flooding across Pakistan’s provinces—Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Punjab, Sindh, Balochistan, Gilgit-Baltistan, and AJK—creating what many are calling a multi-provincial national emergency. Fatalities & Displacement: The death toll has surpassed 800 nationwide, with Khyber Pakhtunkhwa bearing the brunt—accounting for over 400 lives lost. Over 2 million people have been affected, with hundreds of thousands evacuated. Punjab’s Flood Trenches: Rivers in Revolt Punjab stands at the epicenter of the crisis. Rivers such as the Chenab, Sutlej, Ravi, and Jhelum have surged beyond capacity due to relentless rainfall and…
Mental health has become one of the most pressing global health concerns of the 21st century. While medical science has made remarkable progress in treating physical illnesses, the silent crisis of psychological well-being continues to affect millions worldwide. From depression and anxiety to trauma and substance abuse, mental health challenges transcend borders, cultures, and economic status. The Global Mental Health Landscape According to the World Health Organization (WHO), nearly one in every eight people in the world lives with a mental health disorder. Depression is now a leading cause of disability, while suicide has become one of the top causes…
GCC non-oil sector adds $1.51tn to GDP The Gulf Cooperation Council’s gross domestic product at current prices reached $2.14 trillion in 2023, down 2.7 percent from $2.2 trillion in 2022. Despite this moderation, the non-oil sector showed strong resilience, contributing $1.51 trillion to the bloc’s GDP and underscoring the region’s ongoing diversification efforts. Gross national income, which reflects the total earnings of citizens and companies after taxes and transfers, stood at $1.99 trillion, down 3 percent from the previous year, according to the GCC Statistical Center, Oman News Agency reported citing the latest available data. Meanwhile, the oil sector contributed…
$131BN regional auto trade at risk Pakistan stands on the edge of a $131 billion regional automobile trade corridor, where even a 5 percent share could yield $6.5 billion in annual exports — 70 times higher than current levels. With its strategic geography and a vendor base already validated by leading Japanese, Korean and European automakers, Pakistan has the ingredients to become a significant player. Yet, a new report warns that abrupt tariff changes and the normalisation of used-car imports threaten to derail the progress made by the country’s auto-parts ecosystem. The report by the Pakistan Association of Automotive Parts…
Zong Extends Free Minutes and SMS to Support Flood-Affected Communities: Zong, Pakistan’s leading technology innovation company, has announced 30 free Zong on-net minutes and 30 free all-network SMS for subscribers in flood-affected regions. The complimentary minutes, valid for three days, will enable residents to stay connected with family, emergency responders, and relief agencies during this critical time.The initiative covers severely impacted districts including Bagh, Bajaur Agency, Buner, Kotli, Muzaffarabad, and Swat, where heavy rains and flash floods have disrupted lives, damaged homes, and hampered essential communication channels. NADRA App Lets the Dead Cancel Their Own ID — Complete with ‘Liveness…
Iron ore price rebounds Iron ore futures rebounded on Thursday as a mandated production cut ahead of a military parade in China seemed to be less severe and shorter than expected, allaying demand concerns. The most-traded January iron ore contract on China’s Dalian Commodity Exchange (DCE) closed daytime trade 0.98 percent higher at 772.5 yuan ($107.63) a metric ton. The benchmark September iron ore on the Singapore Exchange rose 0.55 percent to $101.3 a ton by 0704 GMT. Both the benchmarks had fallen for six straight sessions through Wednesday, weighed by demand concerns as steelmakers in top Chinese production hub…
Wafi Energy launches Shell’s next generation of fuels in Pakistan Wafi Energy Pakistan, the exclusive licensee of Shell fuels and lubricants in the country, announced the launch of the new and improved Shell V-Power, marking a major milestone in premium fuel innovation for Pakistan’s motorists. With Shell’s century-long legacy of technical leadership, the enhanced Shell V-Power is a fuel designed with cutting-edge technology to deliver more power and better engine performance for our customers. This launch is a continuation of Shell’s 78-year legacy in Pakistan, a journey that began in 1947 as Burmah Shell. Over the decades, Shell has played…