Pakistan’s leather industry stands as one of the oldest and most significant sectors of its economy, blending centuries-old craftsmanship with modern industrial techniques. As one of the country’s largest export-oriented industries, it plays a crucial role in earning foreign exchange and providing employment to hundreds of thousands of people.
A Heritage of Craftsmanship
Leather production and tanning have been part of the subcontinent’s heritage for centuries. In Pakistan, this craft flourished after independence in 1947, with the establishment of tanneries and leather goods workshops in cities like Karachi, Lahore, and Sialkot. Over time, Pakistan has earned a reputation for producing high-quality leather garments, gloves, footwear, and accessories that meet international standards.
Contribution to Economy
The leather sector is Pakistan’s second-largest export industry after textiles. It contributes around 5% to the country’s total exports, with an annual export value exceeding $800 million. Leather and leather goods from Pakistan are shipped to more than 50 countries, including the USA, Germany, Italy, and China. The industry employs over 500,000 workers, many of whom are skilled artisans.
Key Leather Products
Pakistan’s leather industry produces a wide range of goods, including:
- Finished leather (cow, buffalo, goat, and sheep skins)
- Leather garments (jackets, coats, pants)
- Leather gloves (sports, industrial, and fashion)
- Footwear (formal, casual, and safety shoes)
- Bags, belts, wallets, and other accessories
Sialkot, in particular, is world-famous for its sports gloves and safety gear, while Karachi and Lahore are major centers for leather garments and footwear.
Competitive Advantages
Several factors give Pakistan an edge in the global leather market:
- Availability of quality raw hides and skins
- Skilled labor with expertise in finishing and design
- Competitive pricing compared to other leather-exporting nations
- Investment in modern machinery and ISO-certified manufacturing facilities
Challenges Facing the Industry
Despite its potential, the leather industry in Pakistan faces several challenges:
- Environmental concerns over traditional tanning methods
- Lack of value addition and over-reliance on semi-finished leather exports
- Limited branding and marketing of Pakistani leather in high-end markets
- Inconsistent energy supply and outdated technology in some units
Towards a Sustainable Future
To stay competitive, Pakistan’s leather sector is now shifting towards eco-friendly practices, such as cleaner tanning processes and waste treatment plants. Trade bodies like the Pakistan Tanners Association (PTA) and the Pakistan Leather Garments Manufacturers & Exporters Association (PLGMEA) are working to promote innovation, better compliance with international standards, and exploration of new markets.
Conclusion
The leather industry in Pakistan reflects a perfect blend of tradition and modernity. With strategic investment in technology, sustainability, and global branding, it has the potential to double its exports and enhance its position in the global market. By addressing its challenges and capitalizing on its strengths, the industry can continue to be a cornerstone of Pakistan’s economy for decades to come.